When the temperature remains constant, but the added or removed heat causes a change in state, this is called latent heat. But does adding heat always cause the temperature to increase? No! Adding heat to an ice cube may cause some of it to melt, but the water changed from solid to liquid may still be at the same temperature of 0 o C. Sensible heat is that which causes the temperature of an object to increase. We can think of heat by the kind of work it does when it is transferred from one object to another. It is the amount of heat needed to raise one g of water (= 1 ml, or 1 cubic centimeter of water) 1 oC. A kWh is the amount of electricity used by ten 100-watt incandescent light bulbs for an hour.Īnother measure of heat is the calorie. A Joule is the amount of energy released by a 100 g apple that falls a distance of 1 m. Since the joule is a Watt-second, the kWh is thus 1000 x 3600 seconds = 3.6 MJ (megajoules). We often like to think of a specific amount of energy used in terms of kilowatt hours (kWh), as that is how we buy electricity from the power company.
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kg is a kilogram, m is for a meter of distance, s is time in seconds. The units of heat include the: Joule, Watt, and calorie.
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Physicists would not say that an object contains a certain amount of heat, but they would say that it could transfer a certain amount of thermal energy to another object, and they would call that heat. Heat is the amount of thermal energy transferred between objects. The warmer the substance, the faster its molecules are moving or vibrating. Temperature is a measure of molecular motion of vibration. Explain the greenhouse effect, including the role of short and long wavelength radiation, and relate this to data they collect from experimentation.Īll substances above absolute zero (-273.15 o C) are able to transfer heat to a colder object.Use data they collect from experimentation to discover the relationship between energy uptake and color for solar collectors.Create an annotated diagram of a solar-powered hot water system for household use.Recount the historical development of solar heating and solar cooking.Use hands-on activities to understand that sunlight is comprised of different wavelengths as represented by colors.Articulate the relationship between the fundamentals of nuclear fusion and sunlight.Learning Goals: Students will be able to: The other, simpler approach is to convert sunlight to heat for such things as warming a building, making hot water, cooking, or producing "steam" that can power an electrical generator. One is to use photovoltaic panels to make electricity. There are two ways to use sunlight to make useful forms of energy.
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Solar energy is free, clean, and will be around to use as long as Earth is habitable. What will happen if we continue to rely on fossil fuels for the next 1,000 years? Instead we must find alternative forms of clean energy.
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Burning coal also contaminates the sea with mercury. Much of the excess CO 2 is dissolving in the ocean, causing acidification. Carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere from the burning is trapping excess heat (the greenhouse effect), and causing global climate change. And the burning of these fuels pollutes the air and sea. The drilling for oil and gas and the mining of coal destroys portions of the landscape. As the world population continues to grow past 7 billion people, we are quickly running out of fossil fuels. The decaying of plants and animals that lived millions of years ago created these fossil fuels. Modern society is built on the consumption of fossil fuels, mostly petroleum (oil), natural gas, and coal.